https://www.vetnursing.ie/home daily 0.75 2016-02-21 https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening daily 0.75 2020-03-18 https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening/2018/10/16/thank-you-heres-a-token-of-my-appreciation monthly 0.5 2020-03-18 https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening/2018/8/9/the-dreaded-osce-managing-veterinary-nursing-test-anxiety monthly 0.5 2018-08-09 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1533835554296-OGQL2CL7JI1C8UMJLEW3/OSCE+setup.jpg Blog - The dreaded OSCE: managing veterinary nursing test anxiety https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening/2017/11/20/getting-on-with-life-in-25-minute-increments monthly 0.5 2017-11-20 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1511174177139-H42KVN21HMISX510XVTW/IMG_3445.jpg Blog - Getting on with life in 25 minute increments... https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening/2017/5/25/fanfreluche-the-mare-who-disappeared monthly 0.5 2017-05-25 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1495742914208-RIBC1RBNGZM7OU9MYY9N/Fanfreluche Blog - Fanfreluche: the mare who disappeared https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening/2017/5/22/learning-to-learn-can-be-frightening monthly 0.5 2017-05-22 https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening/2017/4/22/roars-squeaks-and-squeals monthly 0.5 2017-04-22 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1492883102313-TIRXUGSHL823APBUHBLO/image-asset.jpeg Blog - Roars, squeaks and squeals https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening/2017/4/4/designer-animals-crispr-gene-editing monthly 0.5 2017-04-04 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1491310749222-N7M4WGESR72NQ8WXQD47/image-asset.jpeg Blog - Designer animals?: CRISPR gene editing How about fluorescent scales? CRISPR could make it happen... https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening/2017/3/28/how-does-a-tree-know-what-its-neighbour-is-doing monthly 0.5 2017-04-04 https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening/2017/3/27/can-the-nose-to-tail-approach-to-meat-eating-help-reduce-food-waste monthly 0.5 2017-03-27 https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening/category/horse+racing monthly 0.5 https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening/category/education monthly 0.5 https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening/tag/forest monthly 0.5 https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening/tag/biotechnology monthly 0.5 https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening/tag/competency monthly 0.5 https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening/tag/sound monthly 0.5 https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening/tag/learning monthly 0.5 https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening/tag/trees monthly 0.5 https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening/tag/veterinary+technician monthly 0.5 https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening/tag/competence monthly 0.5 https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening/tag/productivity monthly 0.5 https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening/tag/veterinary+nurse monthly 0.5 https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening/tag/podcast monthly 0.5 https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening/tag/writing monthly 0.5 https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening/tag/examination monthly 0.5 https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening/tag/kidnap monthly 0.5 https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening/tag/animals monthly 0.5 https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening/tag/documentary monthly 0.5 https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening/tag/wildlife monthly 0.5 https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening/tag/CRISPR monthly 0.5 https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening/tag/pomodoro+technique monthly 0.5 https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening/tag/OSCE monthly 0.5 https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening/tag/practical monthly 0.5 https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening/tag/nature monthly 0.5 https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening/tag/work monthly 0.5 https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening/tag/designer monthly 0.5 https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening/tag/procrastination monthly 0.5 https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening/tag/food monthly 0.5 https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening/tag/exam monthly 0.5 https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening/tag/Fanfreluche monthly 0.5 https://www.vetnursing.ie/whats-happening/tag/DNA monthly 0.5 https://www.vetnursing.ie/home-1 daily 1.0 2018-04-06 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1491301261427-IQKAH8A47DBJUUM6PP60/IMG_7177.jpg Home https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1492703421709-BMED6UBUNT75VTGNWZSP/pigs Home https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1490806124807-7SPYEKKQFC7LQSJ3G5C8/leading+pony.jpg Home https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1490806146173-1AJLAEP338KM6M0QU45Y/bandaging.jpg Home https://www.vetnursing.ie/about-us daily 0.75 2025-08-05 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1490703483166-6NLA08G0UKK4P1D7E92Z/karendunne About https://www.vetnursing.ie/hand-hygeine daily 0.75 2018-09-12 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1536766926959-GQRMJHV83IDRORMNM93B/Foot+bandage-2.jpg Hand Hygiene Figure 1 Many large animal tasks require clean hands https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1536768536836-RZQ8YUPJ5IQD0KM1GO6Q/Figure+2+Disposable+gloves+being+worn+over+clean%28%21%29+hands Hand Hygiene Figure 2 Disposable gloves being worn over clean(!) hands https://www.vetnursing.ie/foal-cpr-1 daily 0.75 2017-05-23 https://www.vetnursing.ie/contact-us daily 0.75 2016-03-15 https://www.vetnursing.ie/knife-sharpening daily 0.75 2018-03-21 https://www.vetnursing.ie/laboratory-testing daily 0.75 2017-05-23 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1492762682040-TRHVOGCJV9YPY9Y5S8Z7/Auto+pipettes.jpg Laboratory testing https://www.vetnursing.ie/professional-development-portfolio-kd daily 0.75 2018-11-28 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1491420482494-R8GPQHXDEQP753YT8SDL/DSC01210.jpg Professional Development Portfolio https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1491416190040-D6EJANYTCH1T86Z6GU5O/Anatomy+class.jpg Professional Development Portfolio Vet nursing anatomy class https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1491416993974-HGI8KJRSVSUJHE38N6WA/Plasticine+anatomy Professional Development Portfolio Anatomy model-making https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1491418839267-MXWA91LUPV04X2ADCWBM/Running+as+reflection Professional Development Portfolio - My teaching... My teaching is a frequent topic of reflection whilst running https://www.vetnursing.ie/laboratory-essentials daily 0.75 2017-05-23 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1492763612332-YE6EJIBCHTEVPNN84HXY/DSC07198.jpg Laboratory essentials https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1492767203348-BP2HAJW5SHVHQ9PYPJJ5/IMG_1924.jpg Laboratory essentials - Disposable gloves https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1492767253788-1MU0Q5FQEU6MRB2G96CU/DSC07198.jpg Laboratory essentials - Hand washing sign https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1492767210878-HTOFY2VP6S08K2WHEVZA/DSC07203.jpg Laboratory essentials - Dedicated hand wash basin https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1492767208901-IV55XPU6J1JTIFUT488S/DSC07204.jpg Laboratory essentials - Elbow-operated tap https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1492767216662-6ZGITM1T94G22GQSRVDV/DSC07200.jpg Laboratory essentials - Liquid soap dispenser https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1492768097820-8OFKC1G5GDXXQHCV8481/DSC07168.jpg Laboratory essentials - Elbow-operated soap dispenser https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1492767249838-V8M4MX68ULGHNZMLEFMI/DSC07187.jpg Laboratory essentials - Paper towel dispenser https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1492767251202-GVWXHIHGBYQDIED6EJ33/DSC07188.jpg Laboratory essentials https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1492767214859-72QWAVC87A093IE43T6S/DSC07202.jpg Laboratory essentials - Hand wash instructions https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1492767222315-OP7EAHYQWK00JIOVZ5YT/DSC07199.jpg Laboratory essentials - Hand sanitiser dispenser https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1492768097723-P31HCSI95H6NXTMH7RW0/DSC07169.jpg Laboratory essentials - Hand sanitiser instructions https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1492767219819-1C7O8P4SAH16N5TV26ZO/DSC07197.jpg Laboratory essentials - Emergency contacts https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1492767227410-WUVUJA5YL8NJQEJWT2Q0/DSC07196.jpg Laboratory essentials - Wall clock https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1492767239979-JDN9ESG37UTTFF9N0RM1/DSC07190.jpg Laboratory essentials - Fire extinguishers https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1492767224834-5H117PZ03H2F8QYOP8EQ/DSC07195.jpg Laboratory essentials - Fire extinguisher location sign https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1492767233665-8EWNQ5XMVLX597YVGW2G/DSC07192.jpg Laboratory essentials - Fire extinguisher labels https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1492767229817-VOITGD0L8VC1F0DY504S/DSC07194.jpg Laboratory essentials - Piped gas emergency shut off https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1492767254862-W35F5PNXFCZQMCQB8ITE/DSC07185.jpg Laboratory essentials - First aid kit https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1492767757326-34Y0A1MOTF0FCN0Y1WRO/IMG_2728.jpg Laboratory essentials - Protective eyewear https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1492768097922-2T3AVS35QTTF89JWCU2H/IMG_4060.jpg Laboratory essentials https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1492770422860-JS1RI5VY0PHOOC24YNL7/IMG_7418.jpg Laboratory essentials - Refuse & rigid clinical waste bins https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1492768371244-U7VR4EFR8HK5TYZ5291D/IMG_4352.jpg Laboratory essentials - Refuse & soft clinical waste bins https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1492768403404-LN4HO5UL8MKIJ7ERA38B/DSC07186.jpg Laboratory essentials - Refuse bin & foot-operated covered soft clinical waste bin https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1492768366378-SUSOJRZQX7GIR5U9GMC9/untitled-87.jpg Laboratory essentials - Selection of waste bins: refuse, covered & open clinical waste https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1492768365656-NKW2EEAC3PL2MJK5GSPK/untitled-27.jpg Laboratory essentials - Selection of covered bins https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1492768399407-ZOJJC1A39TCP0QLA2H8B/IMG_4353.jpg Laboratory essentials - Soft clinical waste only Do not put anything sharp/rigid in here e.g. used slides, catheters, spikes from fluid administration sets etc. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1492768372546-18NCSP42V8U7AVP2I5MX/DSC07235.jpg Laboratory essentials - Foot-operated bin https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1492768376272-3MOS0APSBEXFU3UHTF48/DSC07236.jpg Laboratory essentials - Avoid touching the bin with your hands https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1492768394049-873PWVC1E5IOPUD0EM3O/sharps+containers.jpg Laboratory essentials - Sharps containers https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1492768358745-52PZ25IN3ZIECZS6BNL5/IMG_1340.jpg Laboratory essentials - Drop items into the sharps bin, do not put your hands in there! https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1492768358284-OSNPC8LSDZMBK9LD9YKF/IMG_1291.jpg Laboratory essentials - Avoid holding blades in your hands https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1492768377673-Z8450OJH151IQ0LUYYCT/DSC07232.jpg Laboratory essentials https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1492768381547-0PZ3VXP8JKE9R39XEP28/DSC07231.jpg Laboratory essentials https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1492768381829-4F264OC0BSOCW92EEN71/DSC07165.jpg Laboratory essentials - Follow instructions on waste containers This container is marked for plastic waste only e.g. plastic pipette tips and empty syringes. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1492768386067-I5ADE4QI3E2ASQYXQMWH/DSC07164.jpg Laboratory essentials https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1492768385963-AZUUO1DYF7EEHN2J288M/DSC07163.jpg Laboratory essentials - Glass waste This container is intended for used disposable glass pipette tips and cover slips. https://www.vetnursing.ie/avoiding-common-errors daily 0.75 2017-07-15 https://www.vetnursing.ie/feedback daily 0.75 2018-07-11 https://www.vetnursing.ie/urine-sg daily 0.75 2017-06-21 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1495562801697-8XWCA0IYP5IOEP8Q8PJ7/S.G.+reading Urine S.G. Figure 1. Urine specific gravity reading of 1.041 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1498056641787-VURJGQ3NEW418YKLV0OJ/S.G.+of+domestic+animals Urine S.G. Figure 2. Typical specific gravity results of domestic species (adapted from Sirois, 2015, p.161). https://www.vetnursing.ie/new-page daily 0.75 2018-02-12 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1495558011923-NNJSMMUMIZKAJPJUAVGQ/refractometer.jpg Specific gravity (S.G.) A veterinary refractometer (click to enlarge) https://www.vetnursing.ie/new-page-1 daily 0.75 2018-09-22 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1495558629910-2GJCF94V4I408AAREYGT/refractometer+parts.png Refractometer use - Refractometer parts Figure 1. This diagram illustrates the components of a handheld refractometer (from http://www.refractometer.pl). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1495559036579-TF2AEDGBSJ1725EYGPHN/refractometer+scale.jpg Refractometer use Figure 2. Clinical refractometer scales (from amazon.com) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1495559946040-HTGC729AM1ENBSGNVQX6/Lid+units Refractometer use Figure 3. Serum protein units and specific gravity range on the lid of a refractometer case https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1537616812820-OB0IW6A0IFZJNYVN4ZT9/SG+1.000.png Refractometer use A correctly calibrated refractometer with distilled water giving a reading of 1.000 on the specific gravity (U.G.) scale https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1537616700592-XLYDHGYSBRGVRZTKEL8L/Incorrect+calibration.png Refractometer use Incorrectly calibrated refractometer: distilled water is not reading 1.000 This must be corrected before use. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1495559237020-2IWNA42WSHBRTRX75EXV/Adjusting+the+calibration+screw Refractometer use Figure 4. Adjusting the calibration screw on a refractometer https://www.vetnursing.ie/new-page-2 daily 0.75 2017-05-23 https://www.vetnursing.ie/urine-sediment daily 0.75 2017-07-17 https://www.vetnursing.ie/diagnostic-imaging daily 0.75 2018-04-06 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1495556464195-3E5IVARA5Z15PMKE0PZ5/x-ray+sign.jpg Diagnostic Imaging Veterinary nurses need to be able to safely produce high quality diagnostic images https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1495642957623-SO2CJJNJKJX2FXN6Y1G4/fetlock-normal-equine-dp-view-BCF.jpg Diagnostic Imaging - DP fetlock https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1495643023099-CVGKJFPLE5HSIT6FT432/fetlock-normal-equine-lateromedial-view-BCF.jpg Diagnostic Imaging - LM fetlock https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1495643115173-9MG1B8CHK29NIVZKZ7W6/fetlock-normal-equine-dorsomedial-palmarolateral-oblique-BCF.jpg Diagnostic Imaging - DMPLO fetlock https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1495644160664-UOS6BHAMP48BZC2VO46P/tarsus-normal-equine-dp-view-carestream-vita.jpg Diagnostic Imaging - DP tarsus https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1495644332174-QMQYT4FTDIE7L19F3HXG/tarsus-normal-equine-dorsolateral-plantaromedial-oblique-view-carestream-classic.jpg Diagnostic Imaging - DMPLO tarsus https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1495644363790-S4K3GECOE7NPFZYG0NMF/tarsus-osteoarthritis-equine-arsometatarsal-joint-lateromedial-view-carestream-vita.jpg Diagnostic Imaging - LM tarsus https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1495644397027-BAB868SZBRCHANJU9XBO/tarsus-normal-equine-dorsolateral-plantaromedial-oblique-view-carestream-vita.jpg Diagnostic Imaging - DLPMO tarsus https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1495644444645-JPJQSBUJRD5YZO2UMFWY/carpus-normal-equine-lateral-view-carestream-classic.jpg Diagnostic Imaging - LM carpus https://www.vetnursing.ie/pcv daily 0.75 2021-03-16 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1518449759318-4WHQX230Z22QN2NCEK2Q/Centrifuged+blood+in+a+capillary+tube PCV Layers in a centrifuged blood sample https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1518449914752-DI9SIHOJP7J6NSA6SD0P/Balanced+centrifuge PCV - Balanced centrifuge A balanced centrifuge: each capillary tube has one opposite it. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1500135635925-WVMOJA8WDPNAZQYLJTW1/instructions+on+reader-2.jpg PCV - Hawksley haematocrit reader Remember: the instructions for use are on the back! https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1500135349594-VUNLRPRZKHMBYTVBEO0F/correct+reading+41%25.jpg PCV - Using the reader Place the capillary tube in the groove and slide it along to line the bottom of the RBCs with the 0% line and the top of the plasma with the 100% line. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1500135321561-P19L25UTN073LZZSA4HU/using+the+reader.jpg PCV - Using the reader Use the handle to line the reading line up with the top of the column of red blood cells. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1500135905855-SAGOQ4GVZ2C7Z2TX8H74/reader+line+not+at+top+of+RBCs.jpg PCV - Incorrect usage Place the bottom of the red cells at the 0% line, in this picture it is too high and the sealant is being read. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1500135373612-NAAVKYMCO6E7XFD014YL/PCV+tubes+on+reader-3.jpg PCV - Incorrect reading Ensure the top of the plasma intersects the 100% line. In this image it is too high. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1500135374180-6I1SHGHCS8LB4DK4YE23/PCV+tubes+on+reader.jpg PCV - Incorrect usage In this case the plasma is too low, the top of the column is not level with the 100% line. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1500135371704-2SQM259WP1XMZN6UNXPV/PCV+tubes+on+reader-2.jpg PCV - Correct The top of the plasma is at the 100% line. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1500135931183-BW2IKQKJ37OC0FN7SU4S/correct+reading+41%25.jpg PCV - Reading the result Slide the handle so that the silver line is at the top of the red blood cells and read off the result as a percentage. This result is 41% https://www.vetnursing.ie/urine-test-strips daily 0.75 2017-06-21 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1495564929377-JX47EHI0DWJM8HMG70SB/Dipstick+and+container Urine test strips Figure 1. Correctly aligned stick & container. In this example the glucose & bilirubin results should be read 30 seconds after wetting the pads. https://www.vetnursing.ie/urinalysis daily 0.75 2017-06-21 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1498054549384-JLW0C2NRSL3GUF4C39LK/gelding+urinating.JPG Physical examination of urine https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1498054406211-EU99F9D2GZLXWJMEOC2Q/Daily+urine+output Physical examination of urine Table 1. Daily urine output (adapted from Sirois, 2015, p.160). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1498055046624-ZJEUBC6MP0GNX1VCEMF3/Urine+colours Physical examination of urine Figure 2. Urine colours (adapted from Bellwood & Andrasik-Catton, 2014, p.62) https://www.vetnursing.ie/total-protein daily 0.75 2021-07-27 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1500141172524-1G2YCMOR97RB5A5PWN1D/Plasma Total Protein - Visual plasma evaluation The sample on the left is normal equine plasma (deep yellow) while the sample on the right is haemolysed (red-tinged). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1500137536956-K5X1931ACB4BJY1DB2PW/Refractometer+lid Total Protein - Refractometer TP units This refractometer measures total protein in g/dL on a scale from 0-12. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1500137348235-3VJ0SDFMQ7YZL9RKDZOH/Refractometer+TP+reading Total Protein - TP result In this example the total protein is read from the left hand scale (labelled S.P). The result is 6.6g/dL (g/100ml). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1500140473509-LBCO3W5OSASN27BPHN0W/TP+reference+ranges Total Protein Values from the Merck Veterinary Manual https://www.vetnursing.ie/blood-glucose-measurement daily 0.75 2017-06-29 https://www.vetnursing.ie/microscopy daily 0.75 2021-01-30 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1501087498200-7ISFPYL2J9Y1ATIDACIJ/microscope.jpg Microscopy A compound light microscope https://www.vetnursing.ie/anticoagulants daily 0.75 2017-07-17 https://www.vetnursing.ie/manual-handling daily 0.75 2017-09-12 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1505206986287-7TRKJKRPX3CLBQQ69REY/DSC05904.jpg Manual handling - Veterinary nursing involves LOTS of manual handling... Regardless of how big or small the animals you care for are, it's really important that you are able to do your job without injuring either yourself, your colleagues, your clients or your patients. The videos here demonstrate a variety of techniques that can be used to safely perform a wide variety of tasks in the veterinary practice. https://www.vetnursing.ie/chifney-bit daily 0.75 2018-02-11 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1518018537819-06VGQCYUD2BSSE0BOK9I/Correctly+fitted+chifney.jpg Chifney bit - A horse wearing a correctly fitted chifney and head collar A horse wearing a correctly fitted chifney bit and head collar https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1518018733375-6A2WZUT6X1XBW7SUWWFN/chifney Chifney bit A chifney bit with a port mouthpiece https://www.vetnursing.ie/nose-twitch daily 0.75 2019-01-23 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1518364625601-4WDIUOXYOT05FM2UUBEI/Horse+wearing+twitch.jpg Nose twitch A horse being restrained with a correctly applied twitch https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1518449583231-50M35Q7527LKM09S6RHU/twitch.jpg Nose twitch Figure 1 A traditional homemade twitch with a plastic handle and a length of soft rope for the nose loop. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1518362863494-0VGEV8H65WEN8ZAQONTP/Twitch-27.jpg Nose twitch Ensure the horse is wearing a head collar and lead rope before you begin https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1518362641038-BB8HV6RYHITPQ895HIK1/Twitch-28.jpg Nose twitch Work from the left and put the loop of the twitch over your left wrist. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1518362647809-JJREQ5QXCBZCHLXE5U67/Twitch-29.jpg Nose twitch Gently but firmly grasp the top lip in your left hand. Keep control of the head via the lead rope. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1518362654499-WEPAF9GCQ71D8ZWGYLMR/Twitch-31.jpg Nose twitch Slide the rope over your fingers onto the lip https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1518362654495-3CZDJLS05E7JE7QG3VAV/Twitch-32.jpg Nose twitch Ensure your fingers are clear before starting to tighten the rope https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1518362660953-ZUCAKBVN8V42YCTS8N5C/Twitch-33.jpg Nose twitch Twist the handle to secure the rope onto the lip https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1518362667281-HYIE13IUQEX2FEPDJV2K/Twitch-35.jpg Nose twitch Tighten until the rope is snug and the lip is just starting to lengthen https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1518362667805-9PE7DWQUHI1BYV6AMZ2L/Twitch-36.jpg Nose twitch Hold the twitch handle in your left hand and the lead rope in your right, stand to the side https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1518362431101-9HBQHKHP590LIPR8YULJ/Twitch-holding.jpg Nose twitch Figure 2 Holding a horse wearing a twitch. Pay close attention to the animal throughout. https://www.vetnursing.ie/stable-bandaging daily 0.75 2018-04-05 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1522920247784-AUIWIJKDSQKX1NNSWOVS/Stable+bandges+fracture+case.jpg Stable bandaging Figure 1. A fracture case (left fore) with supporting limb stable bandages and hoof pad. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1522935037543-ZTBT2AUYMDCMOZZ0W565/Pressure+sore Stable bandaging Figure 2. A nasty pressure sore caused by a too-tight bandage. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1522953742084-F2E2O97DGUNUOFNEO7LP/hindlimbs.jpg Stable bandaging Figure 3. Traditional stable bandages - note exposed pasterns. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1522924454320-F2NXSSDO7RK7IT51WXM0/Stable+bandages Stable bandaging Figure 4. Selection of stable bandages (all non-stretch, reusable & washable) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1522934583529-GVQK2MYFM658G603FYIX/padding.jpg Stable bandaging Figure 5. Quilted and fybagee padding https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1522921324888-ES6JXGDAQND64TYUH9JU/DSC06511.jpg Stable bandaging Slide padding down limb in direction of hair growth https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1522920643401-PY2X1944KSDYGSQOQ30G/DSC06512.jpg Stable bandaging Overlap and remove creases https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1522920646143-DQMR7Y6XSW1SSBY4HEBM/DSC06513.jpg Stable bandaging Padding should be neat https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1522920635159-Q5MQT5HM6KNWLCJHS68N/DSC06516.jpg Stable bandaging Start bandage close to top of padding https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1522920631257-RDGAIH1OX6FEB7L7ECWE/DSC06515.jpg Stable bandaging Hold padding securely in place while applying bandage to avoid slips/wrinkles https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1522920626359-W3R55WNA5G0NPMO7M8J9/DSC06514.jpg Stable bandaging Apply bandage in a dorsal to plantar (palmar) direction https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1522920613429-EYPC3RPNTM84BMSM572G/DSC06517.jpg Stable bandaging Overlap by 50% of bandage width with each wrap https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1522920617797-081AKJKOY56YJAC73EU6/DSC06518.jpg Stable bandaging Work down the limb https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1522920622182-3YNZBAEMWB922TDNOFOD/DSC06519.jpg Stable bandaging Bandage should not extend over padding and on to skin https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1522920608552-VV5B4BAMBX752RA1R0MF/DSC06521.jpg Stable bandaging Use firm, even tension https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1522920599312-9TKU96GJOZPT55VK5ZXR/DSC06523.jpg Stable bandaging Continue as far as coronet, then work back up https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1522920595386-EHI19RYUK3NU54DLCH9K/DSC06522.jpg Stable bandaging https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1522920587018-0NVC8XG5IFSR80PAJDCN/DSC06524.jpg Stable bandaging https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1522920590115-V0CLKMN5I2LXE60A8S6N/DSC06525.jpg Stable bandaging https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1522920570617-5LWAR0ONXKEWFQ1D0WZG/DSC06526.jpg Stable bandaging Padding should extend on to hoof wall while bandage stops at the coronet https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1522920577822-74MZP7A47I5ML7U34PUM/DSC06527.jpg Stable bandaging Continue to wrap evenly back up the limb... https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1522920580411-45TJ7246PSZV354M0OQ2/DSC06528.jpg Stable bandaging ...until you reach the end of the bandage https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1522920551384-XLIDFKR89N2K82NCWVQG/DSC06529.jpg Stable bandaging Velcro should be visible - if not, bandage was rolled incorrectly https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1522920560429-RNP67MZYQ1WEJZ5RJ9Z9/DSC06530.jpg Stable bandaging Close velcro to secure bandage https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1522920567790-6VW9XA7B7HH7B7ZDEPAQ/DSC06531.jpg Stable bandaging End result should be neat https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1522920558339-VAYHSVREQL5WXP3VCVEC/DSC06532.jpg Stable bandaging Tension check - finger fits snugly under bandage but cannot lift it away from padding https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1522922040292-SS1OJRQNIRD97Y46L9ME/IMG_4235.jpg Stable bandaging Place bandage with velcro fastening facing upwards https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1522922053135-FKPU9JZWHXUYVFIMP8VK/IMG_4230.jpg Stable bandaging Stick the velcro strap to its fastening... https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1522922062418-L8PI28QWWSBOHDYL93ZV/IMG_4231.jpg Stable bandaging ...along its full length https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1522922073285-7RYD5PHY18PRTO9BFT5I/IMG_4232.jpg Stable bandaging Bandage ready for rolling https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1522922091528-7FAB69L47ZAW0HH4F9MQ/IMG_4233.jpg Stable bandaging Roll neatly and under tension https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1522922100547-QVGJRZL93IB9VRM40JHT/IMG_4234.jpg Stable bandaging Fastening is in centre of the roll https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1522922112187-06YZSGMWEPMTI4PDHC1K/IMG_4228.jpg Stable bandaging Finished roll, ready to be applied https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1522922610323-8HB4QR09FVNEL6QLZSJP/Stable+bandges+fracture+case-3.jpg Stable bandaging - Alternative rolling method: https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1522922627899-3RHA05062NFDD2KSPEAP/Stable+bandges+fracture+case-4.jpg Stable bandaging - using a wall... https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1522922621940-M0UVPWIDE88L40UBAZYY/Stable+bandges+fracture+case-5.jpg Stable bandaging - ...roll velcro into bandage https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1522920423506-13GPC9IPRH242SBJBB8H/Neuro+case Stable bandaging https://www.vetnursing.ie/casting-cattle daily 0.75 2018-04-10 https://www.vetnursing.ie/disbudding-calves daily 0.75 2018-05-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1523030418457-E5TISWIYAI83XOH43LT7/Blackface+ram Disbudding calves Figure 1. This Blackface Mountain ram has impressive horns https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1527580709050-WQ6PWMXBWQ6QO2SYT4XE/Calf+horn+buds Disbudding calves Figure 2. Horn bud on a one month old Jersey calf https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1523033207157-606VFORQ7YKIJIHZPDSS/calf+crush Disbudding calves Figure 3. Portable calf crate with head restraint https://www.vetnursing.ie/dkit-graduates-information daily 0.75 2018-09-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1523953281071-V7GV38087C8RDLVZ4Y4G/DkIT+conferring Graduation & career information https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1523957379790-DDRLMQ8QXRYRI01DCMTO/PhDs.jpg Graduation & career information Successful PhD candidates https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1523957083004-PMVZQTE5GU9QR4OGCF2A/Audience Graduation & career information - CVE CVE credits are awarded for certified attendances at conferences and clinical presentations https://www.vetnursing.ie/new-page-3 daily 0.75 2021-07-25 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1615882705933-94EP7DQPOD9RYAYFH224/Ballyhaise+dairy+calf.jpg Colostrum assessment - Good quality colostrum is vital to give newborn animals the best start in life Colostrum assessment is a straightforward and valuable procedure. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1616073499831-BUXEAO40RT5Q82RMUH9S/colostrum-55.jpg Colostrum assessment Figure 1: cow colostrum https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1627197971550-NX8KOQ4ROAKVTL6M3BOQ/Brix+scales.png Colostrum assessment - Make it stand out A Brix refractometer scale https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1616073595738-93RX9NN2968ARFRHVUSE/Colostrum%2Bquality%2B%28Shepherd%2B2010%29.png Colostrum assessment Assessing colostrum quality (adapted from Shepherd 2010) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1616081738692-FZ9WE96GTKEI8TB913FN/colostrum-2.jpg Colostrum assessment Equipment needed to assess colostrum quality with a Brix refractometer https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1616081614468-0618YOTN6H9UTMDC1QFD/colostrum-20.jpg Colostrum assessment If more than a few drops of colostrum were collected it should filtered before being assessed or fed https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1616081619361-GBLPTBJ90D6UQV7LAESF/colostrum-26.jpg Colostrum assessment Remove dirt and debris https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1616081596173-1LPVQ73B8NAGTEPOVIVA/colostrum-33.jpg Colostrum assessment Draw up a small volume in a pipette (pictured) or syringe https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1616081591232-K2AW7H7GRBYDL9V4199D/colostrum-39.jpg Colostrum assessment Place a few drops of colostrum on the prism https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1616081572995-A8XJHFSN9N5BPLEWCJF2/colostrum-44.jpg Colostrum assessment Close the cover over the sample to spread it over the prism https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1616081561056-ARAZ9OU7R5SZGRQNU5C8/colostrum-45.jpg Colostrum assessment Hold the refractometer up to the light and look through it to view the scale https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1616081705635-QI0WX4PTZNSUQ1MWLEDY/26+percent.png Colostrum assessment Read the result where the interface is consistently blue - 26% in this example indicates good quality colostrum https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1616081709583-Q4TFQ9836FRC5BBBTRFS/12+percent.png Colostrum assessment This sample has a result of approximately 12%, indicating poor quality colostrum https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1616081713491-IKSYZOQVP0FNRQDZL4AG/%3E30+percent.png Colostrum assessment This sample has a result of >30%, indicating a high IgG concentration and excellent quality colostrum https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1616073852671-Y7UMSLDH4ZRH1A0IIXYM/Digital%2Brefractometer.jpeg Colostrum assessment - A digital Brix refractometer Colostrum is placed in the circular well and the quality reading is displayed on the screen as a percentage https://www.vetnursing.ie/kaunas-presentation-2020 daily 0.75 2020-02-24 https://www.vetnursing.ie/futurelearn-2020 daily 0.75 2020-04-09 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1585657297714-1NP8EE6MPHRHN2UDOE4A/Henry FutureLearn 2020 Henry: looking for leadership…or a belly rub https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1585658528577-V55TN908F7E01DOKO4XT/Tabler+footie FutureLearn 2020 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1585657854929-GFGEF7O4O3Q67LAEBKEJ/image-asset.jpeg FutureLearn 2020 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1585658256592-804RDX75NXS4KKGPTFY7/image-asset.jpeg FutureLearn 2020 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/1586433431256-4F9J79CFP2L5SKK1QG4P/image-asset.jpeg FutureLearn 2020 https://www.vetnursing.ie/my-cve daily 0.75 2026-02-20 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/c3329164-0911-42da-8280-22cfdd2cc5f6/tempImageveOBnH.jpg My CVE https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/b149c971-28b5-49bd-a28c-39cf0197a78c/JVME+reviewer+cert+2022 My CVE - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/703e7cbb-2d0b-4d21-b071-1467264bfe12/KD+LivingWorks+Start+certificate.PNG My CVE - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://www.vetnursing.ie/clinical-examination daily 0.75 2022-05-27 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/6dc2fc85-e76e-40d9-9e31-ac0fcb83f2d6/IMG_9117.jpeg Clinical examination https://www.vetnursing.ie/clinical-examination-1 daily 0.75 2022-05-27 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/586d4497f7e0ab4e496ac496/79020142-4536-46d3-aeed-a5537f7a2dbd/DJI_20200802_144329_141.jpg Clinical examination